Poppy farm in Chipwi Township, Kachin State. Photo by KRC.

In Myanmar’s conflict-affected borderlands, there is one constant that links almost all stakeholders in some way – illicit drugs and the economies derived from them. This working paper, researched and written before the military coup of 1st February 2021, explores Myanmar’s drugs policy landscape through an analysis of the stakeholders engaged in: national and legal policy frameworks around the production, trafficking and use of drugs; drugs and health; drugs, rural livelihoods and alternative development; and drugs and peacebuilding.